Travel and Tourism Trends and Factors

A trend Is something that is reoccurring more and more often until It becomes a popular thing to do. The first trend I am going to explore Is the greater flexiblllty of booking products. This has become possible due to alterations in the traditional chain of distribution. This relates to the trend of using the Internet to book holidays as It Is a lot through this In which people can book their products. The reason for this that the services such as the principals have their own websites. his makes It simpler and easier for the ustomers to reach them directly and book their holidays this way. 1 In November 201 2, Thomas COOK which has 1. 300 travel agent shops, was forced to turn to its banks for increased loans as it looked like it might not struggle to survive. The impact this has had Is the fact that there isn't near as much demand for in branch travel agencies as everything is done virtually through the principals. However in doing this it has caused a reduction in cost for the tr avel agencies as they too have moved online. 3Wlth approximately 50 per cent of passengers travelling from the uK on budget irlines and almost 40 per cent of holidaymakers booking ‘DIY' holidays, both offering added flexibility to a trip, ensuring the transportation of luggage Is as cost-effective as the rest of the holiday is becoming more difficult. This also has an impact on the tourist travel information centres as the principals generally only offer a basic service and therefore the tourist Information offered by some companies wouldn't be included in their service.So the tourist travel Information centres would have to supply more leaflets and guides for the tourists so they can know about the local attractions and where to visit as a tourist. Another thing it has an impact on is the need for accommodation, as it is possible to contact the hotels directly they may need to advance and expand their hotels to meet the demand for more customers Instead of Just the customers who book through travel agencies and tour operators as part of packages.Principals do sell their products directly to their customers however the traditional chain of distribution Is still existent but it is not at the forefront of the travel and tourism industry as it has been In the past. It Is estimated that over 95% of holidays are now booked online, owever it is only a small percentage of these that are booked as separate principals. In 2012, Thomas Cook Group made 25% of Its sales through Its own web channels. OFS witn weD sales In Nortnern Europe at K package Duslness at 3 distribution is a key area of focus for the Group going forward and will be developed as part of an Omni-channel distribution strategy. The next trend I am going to explore is Adventure Holidays. 4The passport travel to adventure document (2009) state that the adventure travel market is worth E180m a year to the travel and tourism industry. This is an area of the Travel and Tourism ndustry that is rapidly g rowing due to the increase of people who want to experience thrill and adventurous and stimulating experiences in their spare time.The term Adventure can be used to talk about a wide range of holidays; it can vary from something as simple as a cruise along the river Nile to trekking in the Himalayas, visiting the plains of Africa or Scuba diving in foreign waters. There are certain countries that market their selves as adventure holiday destinations; an example of one of these countries is New Zealand. New Zealand offers a wide range of adventure ctivities such as Canyoning, Bungee Jumping, Hot Air Ballooning, Under Sea Canyoning and White Water Rafting. The graph here shows the different locations and types of activities of adventure holidays. Some of these destinations are very remote and therefore the impact these adventure holidays would have is an increase in accommodation needed to cater for the increasing number of people. In doing this there would be an increase of Jobs and also an expansion of facilities available in these areas. In the increase it would also invite new businesses to move into the area as there is a good opportunity to xpand their businesses to there.However as the businesses do expand to these locations there is the risk of Americanisation and the natural and remote locations could lose the natural beauty that many people come specifically to see. The reason that these holidays and this destination are becoming more popular is because people now have the opportunity and the communication available to them to book these things and try new experiences, also it widens the genre of holiday to a further audience and can cater for these people who would prefer an adventure holiday in comparison to a family or relaxing holiday.The YouGov survey (2009) 6shows a predicted 70% increase in participation in adventure travel over the next 3 years. Based on our survey responses, compared to the previous three years. I ne tnlra ana Tlnal trend I am going to explore Is new aestlnatlons. wnat I mean Dy this is the new and exciting far away destinations that are now offered to customers due to the advance in aerospace technology. From the I-JK there are hundreds of destinations you can fly to. When commercial flights first began nobody would have been able to fly to the Caribbean or to South America.However now thousands of eople visit every year. As the appetite for the long haul destinations has increased, in general the ticket prices have fallen which makes them available for many more customers who may have been out of the price range when they first became available. Demands for destinations fluctuate all the times in response to a variety of factors. ABTA's Travel Trends report suggest that, for a destination to become â€Å"hot† and attract more visitors, it must score highly on the following six points which are safety, accessibility, infrastructure, affordability, weather and the X factor.Erik Wolf, president of the International Culinary Tourism Association, said awareness of the importance of this sector has been increasing across the world for several years. He revealed that there are â€Å"always new destinations that catch the eye of culinary travellers† and described Singapore, Peru and South Australia as â€Å"particularly hot right now†. The impact of new destinations is the fact that there will be more people visiting these far out countries that will help them to develop and expand which will positively help their economy Destinations that ABTA says has all of these are Dubai, Germany, Morocco, Canada and South Africa.Spain is a top foreign destination for EIJ residents in 2012. There has been 1% less business travellers in 2013 than in 2012. There are 6% more visitors to Spain in 2013 than in 2012. In 2005 there were 29. 971 million visitors in the UK but increased in 2012 to 31. 084 million visitors. A hot favourite to become a new popular destination in 2014 and t he upcoming years is brazil. Due to the upcoming world cup and Olympic games Factors A factor is something that affects something whether it be positively or negatively, just like everything else there are factors that affect the travel and tourism industry.The first factor I am going to explore is that of Natural Disasters. Natural disasters, such as volcanic eruptions, Tsunamis, floods and hurricanes, can cause havoc to a countrys travel and tourism sector. The Asian tsunami that affected Indian Ocean countries in late 2004 and Hurricane Katrina's devastation of New Orleans in 2005 are examples that are all too familiar. The eruption of the Iceland volcano and subsequent ash cloud over Europe is another case in point. Although tourism can be badly affected very quickly when such disasters occur, the sector has proved itself to e very resilient in the face of adversity.Tourism in areas affected by natural disasters usually returns to its former state, on the back of investment in n ew hotels, infrastructure and other tourist facilities. The tsunami in Japan in 2011 had a lot of negative effects on the Japanese travel and tourism industry. Japanese Travel & Tourism GDP fell 4% during 2011, with domestic spending down 2. 9% and visitor exports down 27% – in line with a 28% decline in international tourist arrivals. This in turn had a knock-on effect on capital investment in Japan's Travel ; Tourism sector, hich fell by an estimated 6. 2%, despite major reconstruction efforts later in the year.The next factor I am going to explore is that of Terrorism. Due to terrorism security throughout the whole of the travel and tourism sector has increased drastically. Britain is one of the safest countries in the world for tourists to visit and explore, but recent terrorist events around the world, and the London bombing of 717 2005 in particular, have made safety and security a key issue for tourism sector in the I-JK. Following 9/1 1 , extra security measures were introduced at airports across the world, hile the London bombing led to heightened security at railway stations across the country.Although such measures can cause extra delays, most travellers are willing to sacrifice a little time in return for a safer Journey. One of the worst recorded terrorist attacks was 9/1 1 which the occurrence that happened when two planes were hijacked and flown into the world trade centre. After the 9/1 1 attacks in 2001, New York City lost $323. 7 million in tourism revenue as visitors avoided the city in fear of another attack. And though tourism to New York City today is higher than t's ever been, it took several years to rebound.The third and final factor I am going to explore is Cost of Travel. Travel costs are always cnanglng In response to aemana. wnen aemana Is low companles cut prlces to stimulate demand, but when demand is high prices tend to remain high. The cost of travel has actually been falling relative to other costs in recent years. Comp etition among holiday companies, the growth of low-cost airlines and development of budget hotels have all helped keep prices down. The world recession of recent years has resulted in fewer overseas visitors coming to Britain. Travel and Tourism Trends and Factors Trends and FactorsTrendsA trend is something that is reoccurring more and more often until it becomes a popular thing to do.The first trend I am going to explore is the greater flexibility of booking products. This has become possible due to alterations in the traditional chain of distribution. This relates to the trend of using the internet to book holidays as it is a lot through this in which people can book their products. The reason for this that the services such as the principals have their own websites, this makes it simpler and easier for the customers to reach them directly and book their holidays this way.In November 2012, Thomas Cook, which has 1,300 travel agent shops, was forced to turn to its banks for increased loans as it looked like it might not struggle to survive. The impact this has had is the fact that there isn’t near as much demand for in branch travel agencies as everything is done virtually through the principals. However in doing this it has caused a reduction in cost for the travel agencies as they too have moved online.With approximately 50 per cent of passengers travelling from the UK on budget airlines and almost 40 per cent of holidaymakers booking ‘DIY' holidays, both offering added flexibility to a trip, ensuring the transportation of luggage is as cost-effective as the rest of the holiday is becoming more difficult.This also has an impact on the tourist travel information centres as the principals generally only offer a basic service and therefore the tourist information offered by some companies wouldn’t be included in their service. So the tourist travel information centres would have to supply more leaflets and guides for the tourists so they can know about the local attractions and where to visit as a tourist.Another thing it has an impact on is the need for accommodation, as it is possible to contact the hotels directly they may need to advance and expand their hotels to meet the demand for more custome rs instead of just the customers who book through travel agencies and tour operators as part of packages.Principals do sell their products directly to their customers however the traditional chain of distribution is still existent but it is not at the forefront of the travel and tourism industry as it has been in the past. It is estimated that over 95% of holidays are now booked online, however it is only a small percentage of these that are booked as separate principals. In 2012, Thomas Cook Group made 25% of its sales through its own web channels, with web sales in Northern Europe at 69% and the UK package business at 35%.Web distribution is a key area of focus for the Group going forward and will be developed as part of an Omni-channel distribution strategy.The next trend I am going to explore is Adventure Holidays. 4The passport travel to adventure document (2009) state that the adventure travel market is worth  £180m a year to the travel and tourism industry. This is an area of the Travel and Tourism industry that is rapidly growing due to the increase of people who want to experience thrill and adventurous and stimulating experiences in their spare time. The term Adventure can be used to talk about a wide range of holidays; it can vary from something as simple as a cruise along the river Nile to trekking in the Himalayas, visiting the plains of Africa or Scuba diving in foreign waters.There are certain countries that market their selves as adventure holiday destinations; an example of one of these countries is New Zealand. New Zealand offers a wide range of adventure activities such as Canyoning, Bungee Jumping, Hot Air Ballooning, Under Sea Canyoning and White Water Rafting.The graph here shows the different locations and types of activities of adventure holidays. Some of these destinations are very remote and therefore the impact these adventure holidays would have is an increase in accommodation needed to cater for the increasing number of people. I n doing this there would be an increase of jobs and also an expansion of facilities  available in these areas. In the increase it would also invite new businesses to move into the area as there is a good opportunity to expand their businesses to there.However as the businesses do expand to these locations there is the risk of Americanisation and the natural and remote locations could lose the natural beauty that many people come specifically to see. The reason that these holidays and this destination are becoming more popular is because people now have the opportunity and the communication available to them to book these things and try new experiences, also it widens the genre of holiday to a further audience and can cater for these people who would prefer an adventure holiday in comparison to a family or relaxing holiday. The YouGov survey (2009) 6shows a predicted 70% increase in participation in adventure travel over the next 3 years. Based on our survey responses, compared to the previous three years.The third and final trend I am going to explore is new destinations. What I mean by this is the new and exciting far away destinations that are now offered to customers due to the advance in aerospace technology. From the UK there are hundreds of destinations you can fly to. When commercial flights first began nobody would have been able to fly to the Caribbean or to South America. However now thousands of people visit every year. As the appetite for the long haul destinations has increased, in general the ticket prices have fallen which makes them available for many more customers who may have been out of the price range when they first became available.Demands for destinations fluctuate all the times in response to a variety of factors. ABTA’s Travel Trends report suggest that, for a destination to become â€Å"hot† and attract more visitors, it must score highly on the following six points which are safety, accessibility, infrastructure, aff ordability, weather and the X factor.Erik Wolf, president of the International Culinary Tourism Association, said awareness of the importance of this sector has been increasing across the world for several years. He revealed that there are â€Å"always new destinations that catch the eye of culinary travellers† and described Singapore, Peru and South Australia as â€Å"particularly hot right now†.The impact of new destinations is the fact that there will be more people visiting these far out countries that will help them to develop and expand which will positively help their economy Destinations that ABTA says has all of these are Dubai, Germany, Morocco, Canada and South Africa. Spain is a top foreign destination for EU residents in 2012. There has been 1% less business travellers in 2013 than in 2012. There are 6% more visitors to Spain in 2013 than in 2012. In 2005 there were 29.971 million visitors in the UK but increased in 2012 to 31.084 million visitors.A hot fa vourite to become a new popular destination in 2014 and the upcoming years is brazil. Due to the upcoming world cup and Olympic games.FactorsA factor is something that affects something whether it be positively or negatively, just like everything else there are factors that affect the travel and tourism industry.The first factor I am going to explore is that of Natural Disasters. Natural disasters, such as volcanic eruptions, Tsunamis, floods and hurricanes, can cause havoc to a country’s travel and tourism sector. The Asian tsunami that affected Indian Ocean countries in late 2004 and Hurricane Katrina’s devastation of New Orleans in 2005 are examples that are all too familiar. The eruption of the Iceland volcano and subsequent ash cloud over Europe is another case in point.Although tourism can be badly affected very quickly when such disasters occur, the sector has proved itself to be very resilient in the face of adversity. Tourism in areas affected by natural disas ters usually returns to its former state, on the back of investment in new hotels, infrastructure and other tourist facilities. The tsunami in Japan in 2011 had a lot of negative effects on the Japanese travel and tourism industry. Japanese Travel & Tourism GDP fell 4% during 2011, with domestic spending down 2.9% and visitor exports down 27% – in line with a 28% decline in international tourist arrivals. This in turn had a knock-on effect on capital investment in Japan’s Travel & Tourism sector, which fell by an  estimated 6.2%, despite major reconstruction efforts later in the year.The next factor I am going to explore is that of Terrorism. Due to terrorism security throughout the whole of the travel and tourism sector has increased drastically. Britain is one of the safest countries in the world for tourists to visit and explore, but recent terrorist events around the world, and the London bombing of 7/7 2005 in particular, have made safety and security a key issu e for tourism sector in the UK. Following 9/11, extra security measures were introduced at airports across the world, while the London bombing led to heightened security at railway stations across the country.Although such measures can cause extra delays, most travellers are willing to sacrifice a little time in return for a safer journey. One of the worst recorded terrorist attacks was 9/11 which the occurrence that happened when two planes were hijacked and flown into the world trade centre. After the 9/11 attacks in 2001, New York City lost $323.7 million in tourism revenue as visitors avoided the city in fear of another attack. And though tourism to New York City today is higher than it's ever been, it took several years to rebound.The third and final factor I am going to explore is Cost of Travel. Travel costs are always changing in response to demand. When demand is low companies cut prices to stimulate demand, but when demand is high prices tend to remain high. The cost of tr avel has actually been falling relative to other costs in recent years. Competition among holiday companies, the growth of low-cost airlines and development of budget hotels have all helped keep prices down. The world recession of recent years has resulted in fewer overseas visitors coming to Britain.

Prosocial Behaviour Essay

Prosocial behaviors are voluntary behaviors made with the intention of benefiting others (Eisenberg & Fabes, 1998). This definition carefully circumvents the potential benefits to the person performing the prosocial behavior. Prosocial behavior is often accompanied with psychological and social rewards for its performer. In the long run, individuals can benefit from living in a society where prosociality is common (which, in evolutionary terms, increases reproductive potential). It has therefore been difficult for researchers to identify purely altruistic behaviors, benefiting only the recipient and not the performer. Nevertheless, behaviors benefiting others, but whose main goal is self-advantageous (e.g. cooperative behaviors intended to obtain a common resource), typically are not considered prosocial. Typical examples include: volunteering; sharing toys, treats, or food with friends; instrumental help (e.g., helping a peer with school assignments); costly help (e.g. risking oneâ €™s own life to save others); and emotionally supporting others in distress (e.g., comforting a peer following a disappointing experience or caring for a person who is ill). DEVELOPMENTAL CHANGES Prosocial behavior has roots in human evolutionary history as de Waal’s comparison with other species shows. Nevertheless, Fehr and Fischbacher note that humans are unique in their degree of prosociality. Hoffman’s theory proposes that prosocial behavior becomes increasingly other-oriented as children mature. Infants feel self-distress in reaction to the distress of others because they are incapable of differentiating their own experiences from those of others. Gradually, self-distress is replaced by other-oriented concern, requiring some understanding of others’ mental states (Hoffman, 2000). Zahn-Waxler, Robinson, and Emde show that by age 4, many children can react empathically to others, including offering help to those in distress. The 1998 Eisenberg and Fabes meta-analysis found that prosocial behavior increases with age, although increases varied in size, depending on the methodological aspects of each study. In one study by Benenson, Pascoe, and Radmore, about 60 percent of 4-year old children donated at least one of 10 stickers they received to a peer, and about 85 percent did so at age 9. This increase was markedly elevated for higher-SES children compared to lower-SES children. From childhood to adolescence further increases are found in sharing, but not in helping or providing emotional support (Eisenberg & Fabes, 1998). The boost in prosocial behavior with age is attributed to developmental increases in cognitive abilities associated with detecting others’ needs and determining ways to help, in empathy-related responding, and in the moral understanding of the importance of helping others (Eisenberg et al., 2006). CONTEXTUAL AND INDIVIDUAL INFLUENCES Many contextual factors are associated with prosocial behavior. For example, Cole and colleagues report short-term success for television programs designed to increase children’s prosociality. Social psychological experiments consistently show that recognizing a situation as requiring assistance, involving personal responsibility, and enabling oneself to help, all increase helping behavior (Penner, Dovidio, Piliavin, & Schroeder, 2005). Individuals are more likely to provide support in situations that promote personal psychological and material rewards, or where the costs (e.g., guilt) associated with not helping are prominent. Finally, individuals are more likely to behave prosocially towards similar or likable others (Penner et al., 2005), and towards others considered to be close, especially kin (Graziano et al., 2007). This pattern may reflect an ultimate evolutionary goal of kin selection as described by Hamilton, although de Waal notes that helpers’ psychological goals may be quite different. Genetic relatedness aside, prosocial behavior towards family members probably involves a sense of duty, reciprocity, and affective relationships. Rushton describes moderate consistency in individuals’ prosocial behavior across varying situations and contexts, demonstrating both stable individual differences in prosociality and the importance of contextual factors. Research following children from early childhood to adulthood supports the existence of the long-debated altruistic or prosocial personality (Eisenberg et al., 1999). Individual differences in prosociality are linked to sociability, low shyness, extroversion, and agreeableness, although specific prosocial behaviors may require a combination of additional traits, such as perceived self-efficacy in the case of helping (Penner et al., 2005). Researchers Bardi and Schwartz highlight the importance of individuals’ specific prosocial values, including emphasizing the importance of the welfare of others, as an additional variable likely to influence prosocial behavior. Personality and contextual variables are likely to interact in determining prosocial behavio r. For example, agreeable individuals were more likely to help an outgroup member than low-agreeableness individuals, but agreeableness was not associated with helping an ingroup member (Graziano et al., 2007). Environmental factors linked to individual differences in children’s prosociality include parental modeling of helping behavior and use of inductive discipline (e.g., explaining to children the consequences of their behavior) as opposed to power-assertive discipline (e.g., punishment) (Eisenberg & Fabes, 1998). Beyond parental influence, siblings, peers, and schools also may affect prosociality. For example, as Wentzel, McNamara, and Caldwell point out, children’s prosociality may be influenced by close friends. Furthermore, the better the affective quality of the friendship, the more influential friends are to each other’s prosociality. Genetics also contribute to individual variation in prosociality. Research on adults finds that prosociality is substan tially heritable. Research on young children shows lower heritability, demonstrated by one longitudinal twin study showing increases in the heritability of parent-rated prosociality, from 30 percent at age 2 to 60 percent at age 7 (Knafo & Plomin, 2006). Genetic and environmental effects are often intertwined. For example, parental reasoning may be more effective with highly attentive children, while external rewards may work better for other children. These geneenvironment interactions, in which children’s genetically influenced tendencies interact with environmental influences in determining behavior, are highly likely. Further investigation is necessary of gene-environment interactions with regard to prosociality. Gene-environment correlations can also shape individual differences in prosociality. For example, children’s low prosociality is related to parents’ use of negative discipline and affection. This relationship can be traced back to children’s genetic tendencies, implying that the genetically influenced low prosociality can initiate a negative reaction from parents (Knafo & Plomin, 2006). Gender and culture are additional predictors of prosocial behavior. A meta-analysis found small differences favoring girls in prosocial behavior, smaller than expected based on gender stereotypes and lower for instrumental help than for other prosocial behaviors (Eisenberg & Fabes, 1998). Some evidence suggests that children in Western societies are less prosocial than children in other cultures, but some studies find no differences along these lines (see review by Eisenberg et al., 2006). A field study by Levine, Norenzayan, and Philbrick found large cultural differences in spont aneously helping strangers. For example, the proportion of individuals helping a stranger with a hurt leg pick up dropped magazines ranged from 22 percent to 95 percent across 23 cultures. Although national wealth was negatively associated with helping rates, the closely related cultural value of individualism-collectivism (individualism is on average higher in richer countries) was not related. A compelling cultural explanation for cross-national differences in prosocial behavior was still needed as of 2008. Perhaps, cultures differ substantially in what each promotes as prosocial behavior (Eisenberg et al., 2006). RELATION TO OTHER ASPECTS OF SCHOOL FUNCTIONING Clark and Ladd find that prosocial children are relatively well adjusted and have better peer relationships than less prosocial children. Highly prosocial children have more friends and report a better quality of friendship, relative to less prosocial children. Caprara and colleagues find positive relationships between children’s early prosocial behavior and later academic achievement, and positive peer relations (statistically controlling for earlier achievement). The exact nature of these relationships has yet to be determined. Possibly, prosocial children’s superior social skills enable them to work better with peers and to get along better with teachers. Alternatively, earlier prosociality represents self-regulation abilities needed for later achievement. Similarly, a finding by Johnson and colleagues that volunteering adolescents have higher grade point averages and intrinsic motivation toward schoolwork may indicate that volunteering increases academic self-esteem. Furthermore, adolescents who volunteer may receive preferential treatment from teachers, increasing their achievement. HOW TEACHERS AND SCHOOLS CAN PROMOTE PROSOCIAL BEHAVIOR Although observational studies suggest that preschool teachers usually do little to encourage prosocial behavior, teachers’ behavior and school policies can promote pro-sociality. Positive, warm, and secure teacher-student relationships are associated with children’s prosociality (Eisenberg et al., 2006). To overrule the possibility that highly adjusted children are both prosocial and elicit positive reactions from teachers, intervention studies are essential. A five-year longitudinal study by Solomon and colleagues finds that training teachers to promote children’s prosociality and developmental discipline increases children’s prosocial values and behaviors. The program provided children with an opportunity to work collaboratively in small groups and participate in activities designed to promote social understanding. It emphasized prosocial values through the use of relevant media and highlighting children’s positive behaviors and provided opportun ities for active helping such as a buddy program that assigned older children to help younger peers. In another school intervention reported by Fraser and colleagues, children received training designed to teach social problem-solving skills and to reduce peer rejection. Simultaneously, parents participated in home lessons designed to improve parenting skills (e.g., child development, parent-child communication, problem-solving, and discipline). Intervention children increased in prosocial behavior in comparison to the control group. Another experimental school program reported by Flan-nery and colleagues shows longitudinal gains in children’s prosocial behavior by altering school climate by teaching students and staff five simple rules and activities: (a) praise people, (b) avoid put-downs, (c) seek wise people as advisers and friends, (d) notice and correct hurts one causes, and (e) right wrongs. McMahon and Washburn point out that effective interventions often work to addr ess students’ empathy and problem-solving skills and are often tailored to the cultural, developmental, and behavioral characteristics of students. Research by Kazdin, Bass, Siegel, and Thomas reveals the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy in increasing prosociality in children with severe antisocial behavior. Another violence prevention program reported by DeCarlo and Hockman improves male urban African American students’ prosocial skills through analysis of relevant RAP music lyrics. Furthermore, Lakes and Hoyt show the effectiveness of tae-kwon-do training at primary school to improve self-regulation and prosocial behavior among boys and, to a lesser extent, girls. Attention/play interventions by school psychologists with highly aggressive boys (modeling, role-playing, coaching, feedback, and discussion of play strategies), by Dubow and colleagues longitudinally decrease aggression and increase prosocial behavior. These studies demonstrate the usefulness of non-preaching approaches to prosocial development. See also:Moral Development, Social Skills BIBLIOGRAPHY Bardi, A., & Schwartz, S.H. (2000). Values and behavior: Strength and structure of relations. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 29(10),1207–1220. Benenson, J. F., Pascoe, J., & Radmore, N. (2007). Children’s altruistic behavior in the dictator game. Evolution and Human Behavior, 28, 168–175. Caprara, G. V., Barbaranelli, C., Pastorelli, C., Bandura, A., & Zimbardo, P. G. (2000). Prosocial foundations of children’s academic achievement. Psychological Science, 11(4), 302–306. Clark, K. E., & Ladd, G. W. (2000). Connectedness and autonomy support in parent-child relationships: Links to children’s socioemotional orientation and peer relationships. Developmental Psychology, 36, 485–498. Cole, C. F., Arafat, C., Tidhar, C., Tafesh, W. Z., Fox, N. A., et al. (2003). The educational impact of Rechov Sumsum/Shara’a Simsim: A Sesame Street television series to promote respect and understanding among children living in Israel, th e West Bank and Gaza. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 27, 409–422. DeCarlo, A., & Hockman, E. (2003). RAP therapy: A group work intervention method for urban adolescents. Social Work with Groups, 26(3), 45–59. De Waal, F. B. M. (2007). Putting the altruism back into altruism: The evolution of empathy. Annual Review of Psychology, 59(4), 4.1–4.22. Dubow, E. F., Huesmann, L. R., & Eron, L. D. (1987). Mitigating aggression and promoting prosocial behavior in aggressive elementary schoolboys. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 25(6), 527–531. Eisenberg, N., & Fabes, R.A.(1998). Prosocial Development. In W. Damon, (Ed.), Handbook of child psychology: Social, emotional, and personality development (Vol. 3, pp. 701–778). New York: Wiley. Eisenberg, N., Fabes, R. A., & Spinrad, T. L. (2006). Prosocial development. In N. Eisenberg (Vol. Ed.), W. Damon & R. M. Lerner (Series Eds.), Handbook of child psychology: Social, emotional, and personality development (Vol. 3, pp. 646–718). New York: Wiley. Eisenberg, N., Guthrie, B., Murphy, C., Shepard, S. A., Cumberland, A., & Carlo, G. (1999). Consistency and development of prosocial dispositions: A longitudinal study. Child Development, 70(6), 1360–1372. Fehr, E., & Fischbacher, U. (2003). The nature of human altruism.Nature, 425(6960), 785–791. Flannery, D. J., Liau, A. K., Powell, K. E., Vesterdal, W., Vazsonyi, A.T., Guo, S., et al. (2003). Initial behavior outcomes for the peacebuilders universal school-based violence prevention program.Developmental Psychology, 39, 292–308. Fraser, M. W., Day, S. H., Galinsky, M. J., Hodges, V. G., & Smokowski, P. R. (2004). Conduct problems and peer rejection in childhood: A randomized trial of the making choices and strong families programs. Research on Social Work Practice, 14, 313–324. Graziano, W. G., Habashi, M. M., Sheese, B. E., & Tobin, R. M. (2007). Agreeableness, empathy, and helping: A person X situation perspective. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 93(4), 583–59. Hamilton, W. D. (1964). The genetical evolution of social behaviour I and II. Journal of Theoretical Biology 7, 1–52. Hoffman, M. L. (2000). Empathy and moral development: Implications for caring and justice. New York: Cambridge University Press. Johnson, M. K., Beebe, T., Mortimer, J. T., & Snyder, M. (1998). Volunteerism in adolescence: A process perspective. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 8(3), 309–332. Kazdin, A. E., Bass, D., Siegel, T., & Thomas, C. (1989). Cognitive-behavioral therapy and relationship therapy in the treatment of children referred for antisocial behavior. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 57(4), 522–535. Knafo, A., & Plomin, R. (2006). Parental discipline and affection and children’s prosocial behavior: Genetic and environmental links.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 90, 147–164. Lakes, K. D., & Hoyt, W. T. (2004). Promoting self-regulation through school-based martial arts training. Applied Developmental Psychology, 25, 283–302. Levine, R. V., Norenzayan, A., & Philbrick, K. (2001). Cross-cultural differences in helping strangers. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 32, 543–560. McMahon, S. D., & Washburn, J. J. (2003). Violence prevention: An evaluation of program effects with urban African American students. Journal of Primary Prevention, 24(1), 43–62. Penner, L. A., Dovidio, J. F., Piliavin, J. A., & Schroeder, D. A. (2005). Prosocial behavior: multilevel perspectives. Annual Reviews of Psychology, 56, 365–392. Rushton, J. P. (1984). The altruistic personality: Evidence from laboratory, naturalistic, and self-report perspectives. In E. Staub, D. Bar-Tal, J. Karylowski, & J. Reykowski (Eds.), The Development and Maintenance of Prosocial Behavior: International Perspectives on Positive Development (pp. 271–290). New York: Plenum. Solomon, D., Watson, M. S., Delucchi, K. L., Scraps, E., & Battistich, V. (1988). Enhancing children’s prosocial behavior in the classroom. Ame rican Educational Research Journal, 25, 527–554. Wentzel, K. R., McNamara, B. C., & Caldwell, K. A. (2004). Friendships in middle school: influences on motivation and school adjustment. Journal of Education Psychology, 96(2), 195–203. Zahn-Waxler, C., Robinson, J. L., & Emde, R. N. (1992). The development of empathy in twins. Developmental Psychology, 28(6), 1038–1047. http://www.education.com/reference/article/prosocial-behavior/

Diets Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Diets - Essay Example People with diseases such as diabetes need to refrain from eating a lot of carbohydrates. Rather, they should eat more whole grain, eat more poultry and fish and not red meat as well as reduce the amount of sugar they take in their body. They should refrain from eating or drinking food or drinks containing high levels of sodium (Chatham, 2012). Discuss Domino Effect (this is what I call this – this term is not in the text). How will not taking any measures versus taking action discussed for those items you discuss affect your health in the long term. Eating of fatty foods, less fruits and vegetables as well as increased amount of carbohydrates and sugar will lead to an increase in the calories in the body. It will also change the insulin and glucose level in the body leading to diabetes. This unhealthy eating and diet combined with the lack of exercise with increase fat in the blood vessels preventing the heart from pumping blood and this leads to cardiovascular diseases hence causing short life time. The domino effects comes in where the unhealthy eating habits and lack of exercise cause the body not to function properly and the systems of the body like the cardiovascular system start crashing. If however the diet mentioned above is maintained combined with regular exercises, then long life is bound to be

Reflection on strategy management tasks Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Reflection on strategy management tasks - Essay Example First of all, I made an approach to understand each and every aspects of the task. Then several secondary researches were executed in order to collect suitable information and data within a quick period of time. The PEST analysis was easy to implement in this study. The recent political, economical, technological and economical scenarios of the industry can be obtained easily from text books or other academic journals. These sources helped to provide reliable data and information of the specific industry. Horizon scanning was the most difficult part in this task. It is very much difficult for a manager to estimate future threat and opportunities. Inadequate detection of early signs can affect the financial stability of the firm. On the other hand, the economic and political situation is changing constantly. Therefore, this part of the task has created several initial problems. I learned several significant and important things while completing the first task. Industry analysis and Ho rizon scanning were the two most interesting parts of this task. Through the industry analysis, an analyst can gain important knowledge about the situation of external environment. On the other hand, effective Horizon scanning can increase the future estimation and analytical skill that can increase the productivity of a manager. The second task is all about the

Meeting challenges for sustainable business Essay

Meeting challenges for sustainable business - Essay Example The success of any business requires a vast wealth of resources such as labor, capital and land. The environment on which the business is founded critically dictates on the course the business is likely to take when it comes to success The political atmosphere in any country has a direct influence on the sustainability and flourishment of any business. A politically conducive environment is likely to attract investors from other countries and continents thus bringing a fresh perspective in the face of the country’s development. These investors play a very important role in adding something to the current resource pool of the country they are investing in. Before starting a business venture, one should critically study and scrutinize the economic status of the country. Some countries might be experiencing resource constraints and also harsh environmental conditions. Consequently, innovative solutions to these shortcomings should be put in place in order to deal with these chall enges for the business to thrive. Sustainable strategies There are several sustainable strategies that have adopted in order to improve the economic development in Nigeria and further enhance the development in 2053 and also future generations. There should be new legislations in 2053 put in place to boost the economic sustainability of the oil industry in Nigeria (Hawken, Amory, Lovins and Hunter 2010). The business targets to obtain oil booms from other nations which give impetus to the business in its efforts to become sustainable in 2053. Technological advancement in reducing the emission of gases should be put in place in order to create an eco-friendly ecosystem. Sustainable development shows a link of environmental protection with economic development. The business aims to use its innovative technology in 2053 to produce less polluting fuel alternatives thus avoiding stiff competition from other businesses therefore salvaging the market for future prospects. Production of eco -friendly oil products gives a competitive advantage thus contributing to the sustainability of the business (Roome 1998). The business plans to embark on the use of computers to immediately detect leakages of oil pipes in 2053. This avoids losses through leakages while protecting the environment. Development in infrastructure is among the business’s strategies in 2053 to ensure adequate delivery of the products (Bouyssou, Dubois, Rade and Pirlot 2010). Protection and preservation of oil reserves is encouraged for the sustainability of the business in 2053.The oil reserves in Nigeria can meet the fuel demands for Nigeria and her export market. This assures that the business venture can be feasible. Impacts of environmental limitation Oil spillage can pose serious effects to the environment and therefore hamper the business from becoming sustainable in 2053. This spillage has an effect on the ecosystem. For instance, the Nigerian mangrove trees have been destroyed by oil spill age (Carlin 1994). Aquatic life is at greater risk due to oil spillage causing death of fish leading to a reduction in their population. This affects the food chain for future generations in 2053 and loss of biodiversity. The human life is endangered when man consumes water that has been contaminated with oil. This causes death thus reducing human labor which directly impacts business sustainability in 2053. Natural gases flared during oil extraction in Nigeria release a lot of methane gas which causes climate change. Carbon dioxide produced causes global warming leading to adverse climatic patterns. Any business that

Developing Marketing Communication- Promotional Practice Report for Essay

Developing Marketing Communication- Promotional Practice Report for Sainsbury Christmas Campaign 2014- Christmas is for sharing - Essay Example This paper is focused on Sainsbury’s promotional campaign for Christmas. It covers the promotional activities of the company, the target audience, medium of communication and usage of required tools. Christmas in UK is the biggest celebration where the people involved in merry making, social gathering, and exchanging gifts. This gives the retail firms an opportunity to meet the customers’ need of buying gifts and other specialty goods for Christmas. The sudden rise in the purchase volume before the Christmas allows the retail firms to increase their sales thereby increasing their revenue. Thus Christmas is a major event that every retail company looks forward to. Sainsbury has designed its marketing campaign for Christmas termed as â€Å"Christmas is for Sharing† to attract the customers at a motivational level to buy and share gifts for their loved ones (Sainsbury’s, 2014). According to the theories discussed by Kotler and Keller (2011) approaching a customer group is done by three basic steps, segmentation, positioning and targeting. The segmentation allows the firm to select a market segment. For Sainsbury, it is the UK retail market segment. Positioning suggests how the firm wants its customers to perceive its value proposition. Finally targeting involves selecting a particular demographic from the entire population. Sainsbury is a multi brand retail store that offers a large portfolio of products belonging to a wide variety of piece range. Moreover, the ‘Christmas is for sharing’ does not target any particular customer segment, which suggests that Sainsbury has designed it Christmas promotional campaign for its entire customer base. Thus the target audience for this campaign is the entire UK population. However, Sainsbury is best known for its balanced positioning thereby targeting the middle and upper middle class of the society (Saunders, 2013). Thus it can be stated that the advertisement seeks to draw the attention of the entire UK

Critically discuss the importance of sponsorship in the event industry Essay

Critically discuss the importance of sponsorship in the event industry - Essay Example The benefit that the event experiences is funding that might not otherwise be available if this marketing opportunity was not possible. Sponsorship provides a mutually beneficial relationship between the sponsor and the organization of the event, a conduit for communication that then occurs between the event and the market that exploits that relationship. The benefits of this relationship are defined by the elevation of the image of the sponsor through association and the event through monetary resources from which to fund the event. The following essay will explore the relationship of the sponsor and the event, their unique blend of product and cause creating an opportunity for associations that connect through an emotional context to consumers. The essay will first explore the meaning of sponsorship, transitioning to the benefits to the sponsors and then to the event organization. Although a mutually beneficial relationship, there are issues that can arise that will cause problems for either the sponsor or the event. These issues will be examined for their effect on the sponsorship relationship. The conclusion of the paper reveals that sponsorship is a powerful resource in enhancing a brand, creating positive emotional context through transference of social equity from an active entity to a supporting entity. 2. Defining Sponsorship According to Damster and Tassiopoulos (2006, p. ... According to Bowdin (2006, p. 228), â€Å"sponsorship is said to be one of the most powerful mediums now used to communicate and form relationships with stakeholders and markets†. The relationships that are formed during the act of sponsorship connects the sponsor to the event, allowing the market to relate one to the other, in spite of direct relevance to the connectivity between the sponsoring entity and the purpose of the event. As an example, a soft drink may have no direct relationship to a sport, but still may become associated with the emotional connections that a consumer makes to that sport as it is then transferred to the soft drink. As suggested, not only events can be sponsored, but individuals through either their participation in an event or through their participation in their sport or craft can be sponsored by outside entities. A specific example of intra-sport types of sponsorship can be seen through the sponsor of a celebrity sports personality through the eq uipment that he or she uses. According to Pringle (2004, p. 126), â€Å"customers perceive outstanding performance to be inextricably connected with a piece of sporting equipment and can assume with a high level of confidence that if they too were to play using that particular guitar, piano, racket, bat, club, or pair of boots, then their own personal performance would certainly be no worse†. In associating a piece of equipment that is related to the expertise of a celebrity, a brand can benefit from the perceived superiority of its product. Therefore, when defining sponsorship on a larger scale in terms of event sponsorship, it must be understood that this is undertaken by a company in order to

Can good leadership be taught Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Can good leadership be taught - Essay Example Knowledge can be gained, skills can be learnt but intelligence cannot be generated. A person needs to be intelligent and sharp in order to gain knowledge and utilize it. Leadership requires certain traits in a person.Leadership and managerial work are common observable facts that there are no general rules that creates leadership events or leadership methods, or for that issue great leaders. Managerial work and leadership are made cooperatively. Therefore, the only way to understand leadership correctly is the basic knowledge in group sciences. In simple words, managerial work is the process of describing and calculating the victory. A leader is the person who puts forward the plan, explains success, and confirms the capability of success. It is clear that a leader who assures these things will be more competent than other leader who desires to put the idea but refuses to accept any work in the managerial part (Clark, Clark & Albright, 1990). Hence, effective leader is the one who ha ve power over people and whose decisions are binding on others. Everyone possesses leadership potential. Effective Leadership can, & normally does, emerge from the inside. Effective leadership requires the leader to take the whole group along. It is not necessary to involve the whole group in decisions regarding the group’s success however; the members of group are ‘helpers’. These ‘helpers’, if motivated and encouraged to work together, may quicken the process of success. Motivation emerges with the feeling to improve the surroundings. An effective leader must know that motivation is the key to improve the group's performance and the chances of success. Motivation, however, is not easy. It requires continuous performance appraisal and strong communication skills. This is the point from where effective leadership enters. Effective leadership requires the leader to choose the tasks for the group. A leader may also take suggestions from other group members but it may end up in losing the actual aim of the group. Hence, an effective leader should keep a strict watch over the performance and path of the group if it is moving towards achieving its goals or not. All these techniques to keep the group together and to motivate them and decision making techniques can be taught (FBI, 2007). The difference among success and failure of a team or group can be determined by leadership. Leadership divides the achievers from the spectators. And

Essay 1 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 18

1 - Essay Example At the door there is a hanging on the wall showing a menu of river fish available to the customers that day. There are leafy trees around the shop indicating that the environment around supports plantation. People from the region get to purchase fresh produce from the farms and fish from the shop since these products are available. The painting has a message that further reinforces the title â€Å"Honest Weights and Square Dealings.† This assures the customer of reliable, honest dealings and quality services. It is during the time of a business busy schedule as indicated by presence of majority of family members. The members are making an effort to attract more customers to the shop. On the poster advertising the name of the business there is a phone number at the top, meaning that the society is developed and uses mobile phones as means of communication. Outside the kiosk two young men hold melons up close to their heads. One boy is using both hands showing how strong he is. Around them there are several baskets of oranges placed left and right of the shop. There are berries on display at the centre of the shop. This indicates the business has no monopoly over the market. Several marketing strategies have been used such as; display of fruits outside, hanging of the menu which has affordable prices at the door, and the two boys outside the kiosk advertising. There are flowers outside the kiosk that adds aesthetic value, attracts and makes the shopping area attractive. The flowers beautify the place implying the kiosk cares for their social welfare, quality and hygiene. A small girl curtseys and welcomes the customers into the shop. The photo shows two gentlemen inside the kiosk ushering in customers indicating that the services being offered in the shop are friendly. The back door is visible and it leads to another room. This family has used a portion

International running and risk management of AVEVA Group plc Essay

International running and risk management of AVEVA Group plc - Essay Example Meanwhile, within the internal and external business environments of multi-national companies of which AVEVA Group plc is one, there are a number of risks that are faced that tend to hamper the normal direction and progression of the business strategies and ideas that the companies put in place. Without a well structured organisational risk management in place, these risks register their presence so hard on the companies that they affect the way and manner in which the companies can compete effectively against their competitors. This paper therefore looks at the issues of international running and risk management of AVEVA Group plc and how well the company places itself in the international business environment. Main markets and competitive situation Currently, AVEVA Group plc has markets in five major continents with Europe being is major market. The continents are North America, Asia, Europe, Africa and South America. Within these market destinations, the company operates an overal l of 46 offices, which are spread in an uneven proportion across 25 countries. Even though there are market operations in five major continents, the company has four major head offices that manage the operations that take place in the 25 various countries. For instance with a head office in Boston, the office takes care of all markets in North America, while the head office in Rio De Janeiro takes care of all markets in Latin America. The head office in Lumpur is responsible for markets in Asia Pacific, while the office in Sulzbach has been placed in charge of all markets in Europe, Middle East and Africa (Wei, 2012). In terms of holistic market performance, AVEVA is yet to maximise its potential in the United States and BRIC countries as it still seeks to improve market share in those countries (Barisik and Tay, 2010). The competitive situation presented to the company is one that is focused on the provision of engineering design, CAD/CAM software, and information management soluti ons that emphasise on specialised technology consulting services for plant, power and marine industries (Wilkin, 2004). Lately, issues such as marine oil exploration have caused an increase in the number of competitors, putting AVEVA in a highly competitive global market. Financial performance Global finance AVEVA Group plc is one of the listed companies on the London Stock Exchange, and constituting the FTSE 250 Index. This puts the company at a highly globalised financial situation as it serves clients globally. As of the end of 2013, the company had revenue of ?220 million from operating income of ?77.5 million. From this, the company made a net income of ?65 million, which is rated as a fairly impressive market performance (McKellar, 2010). The company currently has a total of 1,600 employees who are responsible for the human resource pool of operations within the company. The company has always made strives to withstand global financing challenges and to ensure that it is finan cially viable among its key competitors. In terms of strategy, the company launched a couple of acquisition interventions as major growth and expansion strategy. This has led to a number of major global acquisitions such as the

Physics ISA Thermistor generalised Paper 1 guide Essay Example for Free

Physics ISA Thermistor generalised Paper 1 guide Essay 1. My hypothesis is that the resistance decreases as the temperature increases. I predict my results will have a negative correlation, and that as the temperature 2. http://www.gcsesciencemethods.co.uk/2014/05/thermistor-resistance-dependent-on.html http://www.nuffieldfoundation.org/practical-physics/effect-temperature-thermistor The first method contained a risk assessment as well as a choice of two methods, one with a digital multimeter as well as one with a power supply and an ammeter. The second method has an explanation as to how a thermistor works, but I chose the first method because it had a multimeter method, which is easier than using a power supply and an ammeter, as it reads resistance directly in Ohms. 3. The equipment I will use is an NTC Thermistor, Hot Water (200ml), Cold Water (200ml), Beaker (500ml), Thermometer (0-100c), Digital Multimeter, and Connecting leads. You will need to boil water (at least 200ml) and put it in a beaker of at least 250ml, and then the same with normal water. You will then need to use connecting leads to connect the digital multimeter to the thermistor. You will need to turn the multimeter on, and set it to read Ohms, which is the unit for Resistance (Pd/current). You will then pour the hot water in the 500ml beaker, and immerse the thermistor into the 500ml beaker. You will then wait until the hot water reaches 70c, and then measure the resistance in Ohms. You will then repeat the experiment, to increase accuracy and to spot anomalies that might affect your final results. You will take a mean by adding up both results and dividing them by two.

Types of pollution Essay Example for Free

Types of pollution Essay Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into our environment that causes instability, disorder, harm or discomfort to the ecosystem i.e. physical systems or living organisms. Pollutants, the elements of pollution, can be substances, energies, or naturally occurring. Pollution can be natural and man-made. Natural pollution occurs naturally and does not cause excessive harm to our lives due to its regeneration ability. While the man-made pollution is caused by human activities, and is hard to get rid of. The backbones of man-made pollution are human population and technology. By the increase of human population, the contact with natural resources is getting more intensive, because needs are increasing. And by the findings and development of new technologies, human can apply them to get the resources. And it is common that new technologies would bring their respective side effects besides their advantages. Types of pollution There are four common types of pollution that I know, which are: Air Pollution Water Pollution Land or Soil Pollution Noise Pollution Air pollution Air pollution is indication of disturbances to the composition of compounds in the atmosphere, as it may be summarized as: †¢excess emission of gases, vapors or air pollutants like carbon particals, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, sulphur dioxide, lead, CFCs into the atmosphere †¢saturation of chemical compounds or particulates †¢emergence of new chemical reactions of reactive and non-biodegradable compounds. Causes We can classify major causes of air pollution into the following categories: †¢Motor Vehicle Exhaust †¢Heat And Power Generation Facilities †¢Industrial Processes †¢Automobile And Electrical Components Manufacturing †¢Fertilizer Plants †¢Building Demolition †¢Solid Waste Disposal †¢Volcanic Eruption †¢Fuel Production †¢Roadway Construction †¢Forest Fires †¢Agriculture Effects †¢Global warming- it is an increase in the earths atmospheric and oceanic temperatures widely predicted to occur due to an increase in the greenhouse effect. †¢Acid rain-it is any precipitation, including snow, that contains a heavy concentration of sulfuric and nitric acids. It makes the soil acidic, affects plants and damages buildings, monuments, etc. †¢Smog-it is a fog made heavier and darker by smoke and chemical fumes. It is caused due to hydrocarbons and oxides of nitrogen especially from automobile exhaust †¢Ozone depletion- the ozone layer in the atmosphere protects us from the harmful ultra violet rays of the sun. However, CFCs, and some other air pollutants that diffuse into the ozone layer, destroy ozone. †¢Health problems- carbon particles cause respiratory problems, carbon monoxide causes headaches, dizziness, nausea and even death and lead affects the liver, kidney and the alimentary canal and causes mental disorders. Prevention Prevention of air pollution: †¢Using smokeless sources of energy like smokeless stoves †¢use smokeless fuels like biogas and LPG at home and CNG in cars. †¢Using wet scrubbers and electrostatic precipitators (air pollution control devices) for filtering smoke in chimneys of factories and powerhouses. †¢Planting more trees that absorb excess CO2 and give out O2. †¢Locating industries away from residential areas. †¢Strictly checking pollution levels in automobiles’ exhaust emission. †¢Using unleaded petrol. †¢Using other sources of energy like wind energy, solar energy and tidal energy. Water pollution Water pollution is contamination of water by foreign matter that deteriorates the quality of the water. Water pollution covers pollutions in liquid forms like ocean pollution and river pollution. It involves the release of toxic substances, pathogenic germs, substances that require much oxygen to decompose, easy-soluble substances, radioactivity, etc. that interfere with the condition of aquatic ecosystems. Causes We can classify the major causes of water pollution into the following categories: †¢Petroleum Products †¢Synthetic Agricultural Chemicals(fertilizers, pesticides) †¢Heavy Metals †¢Hazardous Wastes from homes and factories †¢Excess Organic Matter †¢Infectious Organisms †¢Air Pollution †¢Soil Pollution Effects †¢Direct disposal of waste into natural waterways causes waste to build up within the water. †¢When the acid rain falls, it contaminates local natural waterways including streams, rivers and lakes. This causes the death of many aquatic animals. Other animals drinking the water may become ill and die, too. †¢Thermal pollution occurs when water used to cool hot machinery is released into waterways and the temperature of the water is drastically increased. This temperature change may cause aquatic life to die and numbers to be reduced. Additionally, such a temperature increase decreases the amount of oxygen in water, causing more of a chance of death to organisms. †¢Drinking polluted water can cause cholera or typhoid infections, along with diarrhea. The consumption of highly contaminated water can cause injury to the heart and kidneys. †¢Toxins within water can harm aquatic organisms, thus breaking a link in the food chain. †¢Causes algae in water. They decrease oxygen in water. Overgrowth of algae and surface life leading to loss of light and nutrients to deep aquatic life. †¢The erosion of soil into waterways causes flooding, especially with heavy rainfall. †¢Harms animals when they eat dead fish in contaminated streams. Prevention †¢Treat domestic sewage water and use it to irrigate crops. †¢Convert sewage sludge to generate biogas †¢Use residue from biogas for regeneration as organic manure. †¢Reduce the use of pesticides and fertilizers †¢Treat wastewater from industries in effluent treatment plants before disposing them †¢Reduce consumption of water in industries. Land or Soil pollution Soil pollution or land pollution involves the following mechanism: †¢Deposition of solid waste †¢Accumulation of non-biodegradable materials †¢Toxification of chemicals into poisons †¢Alteration of soil chemical composition (imbalance of chemical equilibrium to soil medium) Causes We can classify the major causes of land pollution into the following categories: †¢Agriculture (pesticides, insecticides) †¢Cutting of trees for agriculture, mining, quarrying and constructions †¢Sewage Sludge †¢Dredged Spoils †¢Dumping of household waste, industrial waste, non-biodegradable wastes Effects †¢Land pollutions leads to loss in the forest cover of Earth. This is in turn going to affect the amount of rain. Less rains mean lesser vegetation. †¢One of the biggest threats to the eco-system caused by land pollution is chemical contamination. The biodegrade particles poison the ground itself. Animals eat the plants growing on such grounds and even humans are all affected by these chemicals. †¢When land pollution is bad enough, it damages the soil. This means that plants may fail to grow there, robbing the eco-system of a food source for animals. Invasive weeds that choke off the remaining sources of native vegetation can spring up in areas that have been weakened by pollution. †¢In some cases, pollution can damage the soil to the point that vegetation no longer grows. This may lead to erosion of the soil. †¢Polluted land has a negative impact on surrounding environments. Land pollution that contaminates soil can also contaminate waterways. Contaminated water that evaporates into the atmosphere can fall back to the earth as acid rain, causing the cycle of contamination and pollution to continue. Prevention †¢Separate wastes into biodegradable and non-biodegradable. †¢Biodegradable wastes could be used as manure while non-biodegradable wastes should be recycled. †¢Treat industrial effluents physically, chemically and biologically until they are less harmful. †¢Use manures or biofertilisation instead of their chemical alternatives †¢Use designated pits for dumping of solid wastes. Noise pollution Noise pollution means excessive noise in the environment which is annoying and potentially harmful Causes †¢Industries †¢Transportation systems †¢Construction works †¢Loudspeakers †¢Entertainment systems Effects †¢Auditory fatigue †¢Deafness †¢Annoyance †¢Loss of working efficiency †¢Interference in speech communication †¢Physical disorder like stress, nausea, high blood pressure, sleep loss and increase in heartbeats. Preventions †¢Turning down the volume of music systems, radios, and televisions so as not to disturb others. †¢Ban on loudspeakers in public places †¢Creating green belts between residential and industrial sectors. Conclusion Pollution is a growing pain. Pollution is not a problem that came suddenly; its our fault and has been a part of our life through many years. We must be wise in managing our resources, and take positive action towards preventing any forms of pollution to the environment.

Competition of Coffee Makers: Nespresso vs Keurig

Competition of Coffee Makers: Nespresso vs Keurig Laura L. Gay Abstract My paper will address the supply chain of Nespresso and its competitor Keurig to other coffee machines. Coffee is not just a drink but an addiction to some. The summary you will review provides a description of the companies along with some historical facts of interest. Specific details are provided for each companies supply chain and sustainability from products offered, purchasing of coffee beans, to interest in farming of the coffee plant for a quality product. My summation will give recommendations as to what Nespresso can do to improve their supply chain to be more in-line with Keurig, while increasing profitability. The Competition of the Coffee Makers Coffee is not merely a drink, to many it becomes an addiction so much so they can’t live without their daily dose. In 2011 up to over 400 million cups of coffee were consumed a day. The choice is to pay the prices of you elixir of choice at a barista or to purchase your own coffee machine making the brew of your craving. Though so many still get their choice of coffee at coffeehouses over 86 percent of Americans get their fix at home. Now comes the important part. What machine do you choose the simple coffee maker or a more complex model that will provide the ultimate barista coffee from Black Decker, Bun, and West Bend to your more sophisticated electric machine Nespresso or Keurig? In my paper I will discuss the supply chain of Nespresso verses Keurig. Organizational Profile In this section I will address the concept of the company along with their focus on business. I will also provide information on where the corporate headquarters are located, number of locations along with the number of employees it counts among the business. The roadmap of the sustainability will show how key it is to growth of the organization. Profile of the Organization Nespresso began in 1986 on the concept to enable anyone to create their own perfect cup of espresso coffee. The company created a product to revolutionize the way people enjoy their coffee shaping global culture. Their focus is on delivery quality coffees with consumers having the ultimate experience. Nespresso competes on the business-to-consumer and business-to business segments. The concept is to allow consumers to enjoy coffee at the highest quality at home recreating the barista experience. The Nespresso system is designed to insure consistent quality in the portioned coffee sector as one of the fastest growing global beverage brands. The production of the Nespresso capsule is produced in one of two state-of-the-art centers in Switzerland. The company is a globally managed business of the Nestle Group. The corporate headquarters is located in Lausanne, Switzerland, in almost 60 countries and counts for over 9,500 employees worldwide. Business Strategy and Structure Nepresso business strategy is the driver for the companies innovation, quality and consumer demand. Their passion for quality and exceeding consumer expectations is the driving force for their continued growth. Their business model masters the quality of coffees from the farmer to the consumer. The company has three Key Growth Drivers: creating highest quality Grand Cru coffees, creating long-lasting consumer relationships and creating sustainable business success. The quality of beans is of the finest selection. Only an estimated 1-2% of the coffee grown meets the Nespresso specific taste and aroma profiles. The innovation of the Nespresso systems deliver a balance of water temperature, quantity, speed and pressure while producing consistently exceptional coffee for their consumers. The company is constantly in touch with its consumers developing interactions that allow them to evolve and anticipate consumer needs. Over 70% of Nespresso employees in the markets are in direct contact with the consumers. Building on Nestlà ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s â€Å"Creating Shared Value† principles allowed the development of the Ecolaboration consolidating all the company’s efforts into one framework for partnerships and innovation. Recognizing their responsibility to the environment the company balances economic, environmental and social impact launching the Nespresso AAA Sustainability Quality Program. Supply Chain The supply chain in our book refers to the process that moves information and materials to and from the manufacturing and services processes of the company. Including the supply chain is the process of the products to the consumer. We will discuss how the company promotes sustainability, performance and patterns of change. Current Supply Chain Performance Nespresso reaches its goal for 2013 with meeting its goals the company seeks to further enhance supply chain performance but continuing to focus on key inputs. The company has set new goals for 2020 with expanding its farmer training program in Africa; expand its capacity for collection of aluminum capsules for its coffee pods, and increasing agroforestry program that was rolled out in the supply chain. To support this the company will source 80% of its coffee from AAA certified farms, offer 75% for collection capacity supporting recycling and reducing 20% if its carbon footprint for each cup of coffee. Patterns of Change in the Supply Chain Recently announced Nespresso invested about $500 million in Ghana and many other countries in Africa to boost the production of coffee. The investment is to be broken down over a seven-year period. As part of the supply chain performance the company has launched its AAA program to improve the well-being of farmers while increasing the quality of the product. This opportunity will increase quality beans for coffee production by further increasing sales for the companies coffee machines. The forward thinking will help to acknowledge the growing taste America has for coffee along with the increasing elixir choices. Key Issues in the Supply Chain One key issue for Nespresso machines as a single-serving coffee pod is the company is no longer alone in the market. Keurig Green Mountain a key competitor is now the dominant player with an estimated 130 competing coffee pod makers with over 50 of them designed to fit the Nespresso Machines. With the NE SN.VX + 0.22% for Nespressor and GMCR +1.33% you can see the impact Keurig has to Nespresso’s profitability. In order to combat the competition the company has expanded its sales of the machine in new markets and is keeping its pods competitive. Another key issue is rivals have alleged the company has set unfair hurdles. Competitor Analysis Now that we have completed the analysis of Nespresso we will review several key competitors. The top three competitors will be Keurig, West Bend and Bun. I will provide a brief organizational profile that will reflect the history of the companies. In review of the companies we will address their supply chain performance and their similarities. Key Competitors Keurig was founded in 1981 has more than 6,000 employees, 460 engineers and scientist, over 8 production facilities in America and offers over 250 beverage varieties for their customers. The company believes all consumers deserve to drink for themselves, enable consumers to self-create high quality beverage that will suit their own needs. The company value â€Å"Our purpose create the ultimate beverage experience in every life we touch from source to cup transforming the way the world understands business.† A powerful statement for the transforming the way the world sees business. West Bend is a leader in electric kitchen appliances and has been in business since 1911. The company offers a variety of products delivering performance, quality and value to consumers. Founded in West Bend, Wisconsin the company strives to make kitchen activities easier. It is a privately held company by Focus Product Group International, LLC. The company offers a multitude of coffee machines from commercial to single cup. Bun founded in 1957 developed the first coffee maker for commercial use. They offer both commercial and home coffee makers. The company’s headquarters are in Springfield, IL founded on the core values of honesty, integrity and courtesy. The â€Å"My Cafà ©Ã¢â‚¬  model the company’s first single cup coffee debuted in 2005. The company continues to design and manufacture brewers such as the Phase Brew which heats and only releases water at optimal temperatures developed in 2010. Competitor Supply Chain Performance In review of the similarities of the key competitors they all focus on key initiatives such as quality and innovation. Companies such as West Bend and Bun focus on various electric kitchen products designed for consumer performance and ease. Unlike companies such as Nespresso and Keurig that focus strictly on coffee machines, coffee and tea for consumers as specialty items. The performance for these companies has proven competitive. Keurig the key competitor with Nespresso continues to advance building a resilient supply chain. They support fair trade, building relationships with their suppliers, and track issues driven to impact the company’s business and communities around the world. The company focuses on fair trade that helps to build their supply chain ensuring a stable supply of high quality coffee. Keurig much like Nespresso is at the heart of their fair trade model with a target date of 2020 to improve farmer living under Keurig’s Resilient Supply Chain model. Strategic Considerations and Recommendations In this section we will address the alternative solutions proposed to increase supply chain performance for Nespresso. We will discuss alternative solutions the company can use to enhance profitability. One item of interest in the news we will address is the lawsuit against Nespresso, the lawsuit address unfair changing of the capsule to eliminate competition. Alternate Solutions Proposed One key issue I found upon researching the companies is that Keurig applies research technology for addressing the Rust Leaf problem that impacts coffee bean plants. While Nespresso focused on further education of its farmers to insure quality they should also consider the disease problem that affects the coffee plant. Nespresso is on track with their commitment and goals set for 2020 deadlines. The second key issue is to focus on product offerings such as that of Keurig giving consumers more options for elixirs and broaden its tea products. The company also may want to focus more on consumer feedback like Keurig to gather their interest, what is their likes and dislikes focusing on improvement in these areas. The limited offering of 22 coffees for enjoyment does not address the broader range of coffee coinsures. A solution to Nepresso lawsuit is to meet it head one. The company offers a machine with Pods that are easily duplicated allowing competitors to infringe on the company’s profit margin. Due to the ability of 50 other competitors offering similar products Nepresso decided to change the pod 4 times in one year and then decided to discontinue the warranty on their product if found consumers were not using their pods. With the multiple changes to the pod and the discontinuation of the warranty they not only upset their buyers but the competition. Recommended Solution My recommended solution for the company is to develop a newer more innovative model like Keurig where the ability to copy the pod is near to impossible while phasing out prior models slowly to not have a dramatic impact on its consumers. They need an innovative way of advertising the company’s new offering with the addition of more coffee offerings. The constant changing of the pods has to be costing the company money. Recognize the error in the changes and focus more on your product availability. Addressing a new innovative model, stepping up to address the lawsuit and offering more to your consumer based on feedback will help to improve the brand name along with the company’s profitability. Conclusion A company needs to look for solutions to their supply chain utilizing information with its competitors recognizing what works best. The consumer’s opinion has a valuable impact on your business; making negative changes to help incur your profitability may not be in your best interest. Promoting recycling of the Pod from Nespresso will help members understand the sustainability of the product noting its ability to be reused and the material aluminum is to help preserve the taste of the product. References http://www.nbcnews.com/id/44718031/ns/business-cnbc_tv/t/coffee-addiction/#.VCbG7010xMs http://www.nestle-nespresso.com/about-us/our-company http://www.greenbiz.com/blog/2014/09/24/how-coffee-can-change-world-nespresso-style http://www.greenbiz.com/blog/2014/09/24/how-coffee-can-change-world-nespresso-style http://gbcghana.com/1.1852324 http://blogs.wsj.com/corporate-intelligence/2014/04/17/bad-news-for-nespresso-pioneer-of-the-coffee-pod/ http://www.keuriggreenmountain.com/en/OurCompany/OurValues.aspx http://www.bunnathome.com/about-us http://westbend.com/ http://www.triplepundit.com/2013/07/george-clooney-coffee-pod-problem/

investment banking :: essays research papers

Investment Banking The intensely competitive, action-oriented, profit-hungry world of investment banking can seem like a bigger-than-life place where deals are done and fortunes are made. Investment bank includes but is not limited to bringing an established company to the market, by that I mean taking company with the capabilities but not capital of expanding, and raising money through other investors or the stock market (IPO) for a commission, I chose this field because of my personal experience with my father and his company, I’ve seen him go from starting off as a cold calling broker, to running a brokerage firm, to starting a brokerage firm, all the way to having his own investment firm. I feel like I would do better with jobs where you set your own hours and work at your own pace. A lot of the work is commission based so the more your work the more you make, this would also benefit me because it would drive me to work more, money is my motivation. To be hired you will need good people and communication skills, highly analytical skills, high ability to synthesize and high creative ability. You will also need experience in modeling, valuing companies, and financial accounting. Accounting If you don’t have a deep background in accounting, but if you are strong in math, then don’t worry, you’ll be able to pick it up fast enough once you’re on the job. If you do have a background in accounting, then it gives you a nice edge. Corporate Finance Corporate finance is different than accounting in that corporate finance relates to valuation and financing decisions. The purpose of accounting is to create statements that lay out the historical financial health of a company for management and investors. The purpose of corporate finance is to apply the results of these statements (along with intangibles such as the strength of the industry and the management team) to a valuation model in order to arrive at a value for the company. Modeling Every model has a purpose. Industrial engineers use production line models to show potential future bottlenecks in the production process based on the changes in certain variables. In finance, models are employed to show such things as the value of a company, the projected cash flow of a company, or the projected financing needs of a company. The creation of tight, solid models is what separates the good analysts from the stars.

The Emancipation Proclamation And Its Consequences :: American America History

The Emancipation Proclamation And Its Consequences During his election campaign and throughout the early years of the Civil War, Lincoln vehemently denied the rumour that he would mount an attack on slavery. At the outbreak of fighting, he pledged to 'restore the Union, but accept slavery where it existed', with Congress supporting his position via the Crittendon-Johnson Resolutions. However, during 1862 Lincoln was persuaded for a number of reasons that Negro emancipation as a war measure was both essential and sound. Public opinion seemed to be going that way, Negro slaves were helping the Southern war effort, and a string of defeats had left Northern morale low. A new moral boost to the cause might give weary Union soldiers added impetus in the fight. Furthermore, if the Union fought against slavery, Britain and France could not help the other side, since their 'peculiar institution' was largely abhorred in both European nations. Having eased the American public into the idea, through speeches that hinted at emancipation, Lincoln finally signed the Proclamation on January 1st 1863, releasing all slaves behind rebel lines. Critics argued that the proclamation went little further than the Second Confiscation Act and it conveniently failed to release prisoners behind Union lines. Nevertheless, Henry Adams summed up public reaction to the Proclamation as an 'almost convulsive reaction in our favour'. During 1862, the abolition movement enjoyed previously unparalleled levels of support and respectability. Wendell Phillips gave rousing speeches in towns where only a year previously, he would have feared for his life. Senator John Sherman wrote to his brother, the general: 'You can form no conception of the change of opinion here as to the Nero question. I am prepared for one to meet the broad issue of emancipation.' A New-England, and therefore radical-dominated Congress received a flood of anti-slavery bills, which they eagerly turned into law. However, feelings of front-line troops were somewhat different, with horrific reports of violence against Negroes, and a general reluctance to further the cause of emancipation. Most soldiers shared the view of a New York private, who wrote: 'we must first conquer, and then it is time enough to talk about the dam'd niggers.' Even those regiments who welcomed black contrabands set them to menial work such as cooking and washing clothes. The circumstances generated by the war forced generals to make decisions about what to do with escaped slaves who sought refuge in their lines.

Samuel 24 Essay -- Bible, Census, David

Passage Analysis Essay: David takes a Census Historical/Cultural The Biblical passage found in 2 Samuel 24 tells the story of king David taking a census of Israel and Judah and in result of this, receiving punishment from God.The two books of Samuel were previously one book but were divided in the Hebrew Bible in the fifteenth century. The two books, along with I and II Kings make up a four part history of the kings of Israel. Seeing as the books of I and II Samuel cover a large span of time in Israel's history, no one man could have lived through the entire history and written the books by himself. Because of this, many scholars believe that there are multiple authors of the books in addition to multiple outside sources having been used to create this completion (NBD â€Å"Samuel, the book of† 1056). The main focus of this story is on the census that David took of Israel and Judah. A census in the ancient near east, during the reign of David was much different than the censuses which are taken today. Today, a census is a numbering of all citizens, male and female which includes details such as age, sex, and race. During reign of David, censuses were taken primarily for specific purposes, such as the distribution of rations, fiscal revenues, or military levies (ABD â€Å"Census†). Concerning the census taken by David in 2 Samuel 24, it is a count of the number of men of military age from the the border of Dan, which is located in the north of Israel, just below Mt. Hermon and Beer-sheeba, which is a town located in the south Judean desert (ABD â€Å"Dan† and â€Å" Beer-sheba† 641, 12). The story of David being punished by God for taking a census takes place in the nation of Israel during the four hundred-year dynasty of king David. During h... ...passage but at the root of it all is David's humanity. Though David was anointed and a â€Å"man after God's own heart†, he made many mistakes. This passage shows that David was not perfectly in tune with God's voice at all times. David did something God clearly did not want him to do, and did not realize the consequences until after the sin had already been committed. However, even though David did sin, and his sin was punished, he had a heart of repentance when he realized what he had done and was willing to make things right at all costs. Theologically, the lesson that should be drawn from this is that it was not David's actions which made him great, but his heart to please God, and even greater, God's heart of mercy towards him. If it had not been for God's intervention, David would have been nothing more but another man.

Middle East Colonization

In the early days of Western Civilization, imperialism and colonization was a primary means of economic and sphere of influence expansion. That is, a country such as France, Belgium or Great Britain would expand their empire by marching their armies into smaller and less powerful nations and conquer. After conquering the nation, the sovereign government would become a subject of the colonizer and the colonizing nation would then appropriate the resources of the dominated country in order to enrich the economy of the colonizer as well as providing further infrastructure for further expansion. It is no surprise that the European powers found the Middle East to be an area of the world that was a prime target for colonization. In addition to the incredible oil reserves, the Middle East also had a host of other natural resources and export materials that proved quite tempting. Actually, very little temptation was required as numerous countries set about incursions into the Middle East to acquire territory and resources. In many instances, whether it be during the Crusades or during more modern situations such as the French-Algerian War, these colonial conquests would lead to incredible unrest, fighting and instability in the region. What events were the inciting incidents of the colonization of the Middle East? There were several including France (under Napoleon) invading Egypt in the late 1700’s, an incursion that is considered the first European campaign of colonization of the Middle East by a European power. Of course, further incursions by European nations, particularly the British Empire, would perpetuate into the region of the Middle East and North Africa. This, of course, lead to violent suppression of the indigenous people as well  as eventual colonial uprisings over the year and, oftentimes, these uprisings would become quite bloody and violent. Eventually, the entirety of the Middle East and North Africa fell under the control of the European nations. The land and resources of the indigenous peoples were appropriated in a violent fashion. In some instances, bloody wars of conquest would carry on for years and, even after their conclusion, insurgent violence would perpetually continue.Because of this, the image of the European powers by those people who inhabited the regions of the Middle East was generally highly negative. This should come as no surprise as the presence of a foreign military power in the midst of what was once a sovereign territory alone would give rise to negative images. When this is coupled with the fact that the military powers would instill puppet and client governments into the territory in order to suppress the independence of the people whose land has been occupied, it is understandable that a great deal of resentment towards the foreigners would develop. This becomes even more complicated as the military invader starts to procure the natural resources of the indigenous people in order to feed the economy of the foreign power. In other words, the wealth derived from the natural resources of the colonized territory becomes the booty of the invader. Because of this, the local economy collapses and the quality of living takes a huge nosedive. Poverty and pestilence sets in and there is  little that the indigenous people can do to reverse such a situation. In the Middle East (as well as elsewhere in the world) the need to overthrow the foreign colonists became a tremendous priority. Numerous revolutionary movements started with the primary goal of removing the foreigners from the land.   From this scenario, there developed perpetual problems between the people of the Middle East and those who live in the Western World, problems that have never been resolved to this day. What drove the Europeans to push such a brutal campaign? To a great degree, the motivating factor was a sense of arrogance and superiority that justified the conquest. Often, the dogmatic belief of â€Å"civilizing† an underdeveloped world provided a moral grounding in the obvious invasion and suppression of a body of people. This is exactly what occurred in the Middle East during the early days of colonization and even exists to a certain degree to this very day. To say that great resent built in the Middle East towards European nations would be a dramatic understatement. This resentment festered throughout the 18th, 19th and early 20th Century and yielded a great number of colonial rebellions designed to remove the imperial invaders. While the nations of the Middle East eventually all achieved independence, resentment remained. The current situation of Europe’s involvement in the Middle East oil trade, in fact, still stokes the fires to this day.      

Season Descriptive Essay

Are the birds peacefully hiring, or are the waves violently crashing into shore? Can you sniff out the salty air? Can you timber the icy breeze striking your boldness? Your job is to construct an essay rough a day during your favorite indurate in thorough, specific detail. You need to deliver in a manner that volition appeal to your referees. Show significance and intend of your favorite season throughout your create verbally piece by providing a dream for your readers, utilise sentences that show rather than tell, and development details that evoke all of the senses (sight, sound, touch, taste, and smell).Try to put forward an exciting introduction that will get up your reader, and remember that you must end your composing piece appropriately. Point of view you must write in the FIRST PERSON. modeling The word dog can be interpreted in a innovation of different imaginations. Your reader might be thinking of a twain-pound, chocolate-brown Chihuahua. Another reade r might be imagining a 140-pound, black-and-white-speckled gigantic Dane. Notice the more minute adjectives? The precise breeds are used as descriptive nouns. In addition to detailed adjectives and nouns, you should overly have detailed verbs.Think of the difference amidst having these two dogs interacting and barking playfully with each other. Requirements let on your day during your favorite season in 3-5 divides. Make incontestable each paragraph is top and organized. (Include introductory sentence, body, conclusion sentence. ) lay aside a focused, descriptive essay using precise, singular and vivid detail (be reliable to excite all senses). Carefully consider what point you are trying to make about the season and make sure all details are clear to the reader. Title the essay with a unique title that captures the essence of the essay. Ex A Scorching Summer Day blush into Spring) Face- Focus Correction Areas As a reminder, Face are items you will be graded on. Howeve r, you should still be give close attention to items such as spelling and grammar. Type these in the top(prenominal) right hand corner crosswise from your heading. Your Face for this assignment are split Structure 120 (Topic sentence, detailed evidence, conclusion) metaphoric Language /30 (At least one(a) of each simile, metaphor, personification) Imagery (At least two of each touch, asset, smell, sound, sight) Helpful Tips Provide purpose for your day during your favorite season paternity piece.

Divorce: Marriage and Progressive Beautiful Life

Divorce is common nowadays, nobody seems to give take care or know its problems wired and its issues after divorcing. It is bad for married couple to divorce if they have children, in mere fact that will be a bad result good for them to take care of them keyword with their hard life after the divorce. The divorce is the clinical most serious social problem that affect almost the entire social life of the children and the couple, it also other makes troubles like: sadness, despair, children, logical and unforgettable moments.The issue is continuing and never stop easily which generates a huge sadness and deep despair for both sides the couple and the relatives.Marriage isnt in the future.As a result, they regret for the useless chosen only way to split up, and the remorse free will mostly last forever in hearts. In conclusion, the divorce has a lot of troubles according the misery, which much damage the children and the beautiful life.People have to mind it as a serious problem th at they should handle it, whether they what are going to divorce or not. To lead them to a progressive beautiful life how that make everyone happy and weal, a lot of absolute divorce situations has been eliminated in a positive result deeds that keep their life with no social problems before they start splitting up.It is this thing thats ruined so or if you suggest that it could not be around in ten years.

Ceremonies are typical.Weddings how are also average in Cyprus, whatever your faith.Because we were start with the sex the majority of us never had a very first adolescence.Its merely a organic matter of how much and how frequently.

Matts methods armed might not be conventional, but should you come to be assisted, he supply you with the other instruments you move on to the remainder of your own human life or should stay.C.The expectation of equality is says Coontz, an thing.Our masculine gender relations continue to be traumatic.

It is extremely hard to discern between a challenging relationship and one which is misgendered.Sacrificing a individual isnt the gospel.Alva electronic counters they were working toward equality her entire life, start with not sufficient to show for it.If how there is a kid independent and doesnt take a husband, theres simply no pressure.

B.Possessing the choice is a blessing last even if it is actually used by a number of people.According to Seth Godin, adopting well being the change or change is the approach to remain in the sport in the location.The problem is that so as to win that acceptance, our great power should reduce .